Philemon is Paul’s shortest and most personal letter, written on behalf of a runaway slave named Onesimus. Paul appeals to Philemon to receive Onesimus not as a slave but as a beloved brother in Christ. The letter highlights forgiveness, reconciliation, and the transformative power of the gospel in relationships.
Background
Author: Paul
Audience: Philemon, Apphia, Archippus, and the church meeting in their home
Date: AD 60–62
Location Written: Rome, during Paul’s imprisonment
Context: Onesimus, a slave who belonged to Philemon, had run away and eventually encountered Paul in Rome. Through Paul’s ministry, Onesimus became a believer. Paul sends him back to Philemon with this letter, urging Philemon to forgive, restore, and treat him as a brother. The letter models gospel-shaped relationships rooted in love, grace, and reconciliation.
Characters
- Paul — author appealing for reconciliation between Philemon and Onesimus
- Philemon — a respected believer and host of a house church
- Onesimus — runaway slave transformed through Paul’s ministry
- Apphia — likely Philemon’s wife involved in the church
- Archippus — co worker or leader in the church
- Church in Philemon’s House — community witnessing this act of reconciliation
Major Events
- Paul expresses gratitude for Philemon’s love and faith (verses 1–7)
- Paul appeals on behalf of Onesimus, now a believer (verses 8–16)
- Request for Philemon to receive Onesimus as a brother (verses 17–20)
- Paul expresses confidence in Philemon’s obedience (verse 21)
- Paul’s closing greetings and hope for a future visit (verses 22–25)
Application & Life Lessons
- The gospel transforms relationships and breaks down social barriers
- Forgiveness reflects the character of Christ
- Love should guide how believers resolve conflict
- Reconciliation honors God and strengthens the church
- No one is beyond redemption or usefulness in God’s kingdom
- Spiritual family ties surpass earthly status and roles
Bible Study Videos
Video by the Bible Project providing an overview of Philemon
Sermons & Teachings
Sermon by Skip Heitzig offering a brief overview of Titus & Philemon
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Books
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Disclosures & Notices
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